Washington, May 10, 1954, Monday
My darlings,
I have a letter from May 2 to answer, yours, Elisa, and another from May 3, yours, Tania. I don’t know why they are taking so long to arrive: sometimes they take 8 days. Yours, Elisa, with great news about Geneva, which I already knew because it had come out in the Embassy newsletter – congratulations! congratulations! congratulations! And with it came a clipping from Raquel de Queiroz. Your letter, Tania, gives good news from everyone, and the possibility of a good tenant – how did it turn out?
Today I received the telegram giving the ticket price. I’ll explain why I sent the question. We travel with Aerovias, which gives us a discount, but several people started saying that it was cheaper with Panamerican, if we pay in Brazil (with the fixed price of the ticket, but not a fixed dollar value, it would be very cheap). Each person said something different, and the man at Aerovias was waiting, and I was already annoyed with a thousand calculations. And the thing was getting urgent; so, the only thing was to know how much the ticket would be in cruzeiros. It was great that I asked because, despite the work it gave me, we found out that, even paid in Brazil and even with the favorable exchange rate, it’s still cheaper with Aerovias. We wanted to avoid Aerovias because of the connection in Miami and consequently the discomfort with two children. But we’ll go that way anyway, because it’s a good discount. So, tomorrow the money goes to Miami and we’ll have the tickets with us, and the problem, God willing, will be resolved.
Paulinho’s food has proceeded, as I already told you, by way of a gentleman. I’ll send his number soon, so one of you can call and ask him if he’s already cleared his luggage and if he’s already got the two boxes at home. So you, please, let me know immediately, so I can rest easy on this point, and know that the man didn’t lose his crates or anything of value. In no way do I want to change Paulinho’s diet in those two months in Rio.
I’m writing this letter to you, Elisa, without knowing at all whether you already departed for Geneva. I will send it to the Marquês de Abrantes address.
I’m very behind in my correspondence with you both because I’ve been very busy. I received the proofs of P.C.S. (Perto do coração selvagem was translated by E. Plon, in 1954.), already on a certain type of paper that Érico recognized as the definitive paper: that is to say, my corrections must have gone out too late. And there were so many corrections that they would have had to redo the pagination, etc. etc. If they arrived too late, it’s better I forget about it, if I don’t want it to make me seriously upset. Upon Érico’s advice, I sent a letter saying the “translation was scandalously bad” etc., that I would rather the book never be published in France than to come out as it is, without corrections. I sent examples of the translation errors. This work took me about ten days, working often until two-something in the morning, as I was even forced to write in French. To give you an idea of the translation, here are some examples: in Portuguese, “after a few moments, the flames suddenly revived,” was translated as: “after a few moments, everything that called her, awoke” (certainly the translator, seeing “chamas” thought it was from the verb to call). Where I put: “the father was disheveled,” the translator put: “the father was out of breath.” Where I put: “she was afraid to continue beside so-and-so,” the translator put: “she was disgusted to be” etc. I wrote in the original: “I became dizzy, she said.” The translator translated: “I became stupid, she said.” (The translator must know Spanish better and “tonto” in Spanish means more or less stupid). I wrote: with the dark circles around her eyes… She translated: with her sunglasses… The book is all like that, and in many places it totally loses its meaning. One night, at midnight more or less, I was trying to read and correct, when I came across a rather crude translation, so strong, so unexpected that, even alone, I laughed to the point of crying. Imagine that I wrote, at a bad moment, in the original: “the mouth in the shape of a tut-tut.” And you know how she, all funny, translated it: So: “la bouche en cul-de-poule”. How about that? When I write the word “crap,” she translates it as “excrement,” even when that’s not the case. Not to mention the funny liberties she took. I write “the maid” and she translates: “the black maid” – and in no part of the book is there mention of any black servant. Anyway, I’m trying to get over this annoyance and forget it. It looks like it’s too late, that I can’t do anything. So I will try to forget that the book was translated.
I keep asking you to place your orders now – why don’t you respond?
Everything’s fine here, Paulinho is excellent but only utters unintelligible phrases, I’m already very impatient. Pedrinho is fine, probably very soon he will stop going to the “Child Center.” Maury feels great about the no-fried-foods diet. They really say everyone should eat like this. All the better, the trip is not that far away anymore.
A kiss for you both.
Clarice
Tania, did you already receive the Department of Labour brochures?
Tania, what can I bring for William?
Itens do acervo
Acervo
From: Clarice Lispector
From: Clarice Lispector
To: Elisa Lispector
Bern, October 19, 1948
Leinha, darling,
I received your letter (the one in which you said you had gone to see Berta) and today that of the 14th. I didn’t answer right away because I was waiting for some of the snapshots of Pedro to be ready – but putting the delivery off more and more and I don’t even know if they’ll still be sent with this letter. I remember well the letter I wrote to you, about letting others be. The general tone must have been pessimistic, really. The pessimism has passed, but not the good intention: I’ll do my best not to love people too much, especially on their behalf. Sometimes the love you give weighs almost like a responsibility on the person who receives it. I have this general tendency to exaggerate, and I’ve decided to try to ask only the minimum of others. It’s a form of peace… It’s also good because in general you can help people much more when you’re not blinded by love. I hope not to exaggerate with Pedro – I’ll be more useful to him that way. Speaking of him, he’s really funny, laughing at everything. He’s nothing like me at all. He’s much more like Maury, or rather, Maury’s family. He even takes after Zuza. I think I was really impressed by her… Sometimes I feel bad, because I went through all this trouble without leaving not even a slight mark of my own… He’s very clever and I have the impression that he’ll be a very restless child. I hope you all like him. You certainly will. After he smiles at you – a silly smile, full of joy – you’ll be won over… I had a few mix-ups with the nurse who – as you foresaw – upset me with her excessive care. She puts so many layers on the child that he sweats. And the reason is that she herself is sensitive to cold. Besides, she’s agitated, excessive in everything: in her cares, in her caresses, in her obsession with silence, in her stubbornness. Such that on the 8th a much better one is coming, also certified and absolutely trustworthy, who worked in the house of my Argentinian friend. Thus our vacation will be much more relaxing. This annoying woman, with her agitation, rushed us into looking for another house, and it’s not even necessary yet. But now we’re already going to sign a contract for another one (only in December) that isn’t so original and nice as this one; but it’s more sunlit. Darling, as you can see, I’m telling you thousands of small details that give you an idea of life in Bern… Today I have to go to a cocktail party. Tomorrow we’ll have dinner with the president at the minister’s house, with a long dress and material and spiritual costume jewelry. The day after tomorrow I’ll have lunch at the house of the French ambassador, a lady who is very selective of her guests and who honors me with her frequent attention (she’s actually the only intelligent woman in diplomatic circles). And in two days, I’ll have lunch with the Foreign Minister in our legation… Don’t think it’s always like this, it’s a special week. I tell you to give an idea of what can happen around here… – I hope the pictures are ready today and can go. – Darling, kisses for you. How I’d like you to hear Pedro cry (he’s crying now). He looks you right in the eyes and follows you around the room with his gaze. He weighs 4.6 kilos now. Noemia had lunch here today with the minister, and Pedro was smiling at everyone. I hope he doesn’t have the soul of a diplomat, I wouldn’t like it one bit… My dear, hugs for you, from yours always
Clarice
From: Clarice Lispector
To: Tania Kaufmann
Belém, February 23, 1944
Tania, darling:
I’m only writing to you today for a little conversation, since there is nothing new to report, and I’m still busy. I received your letter from Saturday (before Carnival, I suppose) at a good time. Don’t reprimand me: but on Carnival Monday we went to a party at the house of the American Consul and I got really drunk. I said not to reprimand me because the next day I got it. I felt so sick! One of those hangovers you see in the movies. It was good to get drunk so I could demystify the idea, which poets promote and celebrate so much… It was the first and last time, no doubt. But today I’m fine and don’t feel anything. Yesterday, lying in my bed and feeling sick (Maury also came home feeling sick), I received your letter and while I read it I didn’t feel anything. When I read the story about the dumb lady who got into a misunderstanding with you, I wanted to vomit on top of her. I danced a lot at the Americans’ party. They’re very nice and lively, with beautiful teeth and, certainly, in good health. The girls who were there also had nice teeth and beautiful legs.
There was a tall, old nurse having lots of fun. And a very lively, extraordinarily fat one making jokes about her own weight, which is also somewhat sad. If we had two lives, it wouldn’t be so bad to be fat in one of them. – I didn’t write to Álvaro Lins (The article by Álvaro Lins, “Romance lírico” [Lyrical Novel], was published in Correio da Manhã on February 11, 1944 and republished under the title: “A experiência incompleta: Clarice Lispector” [The Incomplete Experience: Clarice Lispector]. Os mortos de sobrecasaca. Ensaios e estudos (1940-1960) [The Frock Coat Dead: Essays and Studies], Rio de Janeiro, Civilização Brasileira, 1963.) saying that about the novel not being “my novel” because I didn’t interpret his review that way. But one of Maury’s friends wrote (to Maury) also protesting against that insinuation. In what part did you and he deduce that? Write me – A journalist (The journalist Edgar Proença. The interview “Um minuto de palestra” [A Minute Lecture] was published in the Estado do Pará (Belém, February 20, 1944).) from here wrote a piece about me: he represents the Lux-Jornal here and that’s how he knows about me. It gives me goosebumps. Imagine that he made me say: “I write because I find in it a pleasure that I don’t know how to translate. I am not pretentious. I write for myself, for me to feel my soul speaking and singing, sometimes crying… My first literary experiments intimidated me in the beginning. Afterwards, an immediate resolution. I published them.” I’ve read them in Vamos Ler and other magazines (he says). – That’s right, I answered. Then I prepared the book that is a piece of my sensibility. Is your curiosity satisfied? (see what a coarse and funny question that is…) Etc. etc. I need not say that I didn’t even talk to him. I only gave him upon request some reviews of Lux-Jornal, of which he transcribed a section. He even says I have “intellectual tact” … “Thus we read without boredom, without intervals, the short stories and art of C.L.” – I don’t know where to publish my short stories and I don’t actually wish to. It would be good to publish them anywhere just to have them in print and, in case we insist, for me to be able to present them. Knowing that I was a journalist, they asked me to collaborate with a newspaper and a magazine. But it’s impossible… you’ll see.
(…) I’m sending you some clippings. Read the short story, which is very good. Susana will also like it. It’s precisely her genre. When I read it I was thinking of you. – You certainly received a long letter from me after the one that you answered. Write to me. Hugs from yours truly
Clarice
Show Elisa the clippings…
From: Clarice Lispector
To: Tania Kaufmann
Belém, July 8, 1944
My darling
Your letter arrived with good timing. I really needed to hear your words. Twice already, I almost packed my bags and went to Rio. The day before receiving your letter I was preparing to travel, I had already made arrangements with the Brazilian Navigation Airline (NAB). In the afternoon on the day after I was weary and exhausted and probably wouldn’t go anymore, the letter came. But now I ask myself whether it wouldn’t be better to go to Rio and stay a while. You may well imagine it’s nothing serious. You’ll say this happens to everyone; but I’m made of such little things and my balance is so fragile that I need an excess of security to feel more or less secure. It was nothing except another declaration by M. like the one made a few days before we embarked that almost made me stay. As I began to make a scene, terribly upset, I again heard what I had always known – I’ve always been a little cynical –: that men are the way they are, that monogamy was possibly not the ideal state, that he naturally feels attraction toward women; that the feeling is one of fascination and shyness; he told me not to over-interpret, but it was a vague feeling of vanity that someone could like him; I asked: so you feel in society (we were coming back from being with people) like a young man going to party? He said yes. But that I’d always be the best of all of them and things of that sort. That he would certainly always control himself. In sum, you know that’s how it is. Naturally, until now nothing has happened. I know I’m really no good, I know I’m the worst; I never thought that anyone, a man, would be different; but how I feel bad, how I’m calcified, how everything that seemed familiar seems strange to me. I’m so sick of myself and others. The worst is that I feel like the most miserable woman in the world… I have no confidence in myself, any pretty face, exposed arm, graceful gait, is enough for me, so to speak, to come to my senses. I feel like a person who’ll drown if she doesn’t do something to rehabilitate herself. In order not to be so humiliated and stepped on I try to be interested in men and even that is tiring for me, it takes me away from my work which is the truest and most possible thing I have. The rest is wounded sensibility, dissatisfaction, absolute insecurity with regard to the future, incomprehension of the present, indecision with regard to my own feelings. I’m becoming cynical and shameless. What do I care if this happens to other women? What for some is the female condition, for others is the death of the feminine and of everything that is more delicate. I know that I myself am worthless. But I’ll tell you: I was not born to be submissive; and if this word exists, to submit others. I don’t know why I was born with the profound idea that I must be the only one or else. Maybe my way of loving is never to love anyone except people from whom I expect nothing and be loved. I know this is selfish and inhuman. But if I were to change myself I wouldn’t transform myself into a normal and common woman, but into something as apathetic and miserable as a beggar. You know me well, you’ve always tried to make me into a more balanced and sensible person, but you’ve failed. I like M. and could live well with him if in the end I learned of his liberties with cynicism, shamelessness and irony. I would really like to arrive at this stage of calcification. And then I’d try to take refuge in other ideas and other feelings and the rest would be fine. I don’t know what to do. It only occurs to me to go to Rio, spend a month or two there, give him the liberty not to control himself, to have a life that he didn’t have time to have because he got attached too early, and then go back with the wounds healed over and serene. He doesn’t dislike the idea, of giving some time apart; but he says nothing about having complete freedom while I’m away. And about my also having it, as long as I tell him later. Of course he’d prefer regarding this that I were at peace, working away. But he knows me well and because he does and is afraid of reprisals he controls himself. My God, I know it’s not his fault. But it’s not mine either. What do you really think about me going to spend some time in Rio? The feeling that he hasn’t done anything because I’m around is horrible and naturally I am spent. It would do me well to spend some time there, working on Night or not working, renting a room in a nice hotel, finishing my book – which will be dedicated to you if it’s published in a way that pleases me a little; please understand me. There are people who, broken in their pride, have nothing else. I have the impression that I would be so at peace in Rio. At the same time, he would answer to himself, would experience a life to which he feels attracted, who knows if falsely. I’m terribly difficult to live with. But it’s not my fault, believe it or not. I really control myself, but I’m so sensitive. I’m like Elisa. Talk to me, promise me you won’t censor me when I’m there, that you won’t mention the subject, and I’ll be at peace. Life is long, I’ll have a lot of time to live with him. But I think a long while away from him will give me balance and peace for me to reinvent myself and acquire a new outlook. To some I will say that I went to look after the 2nd edition of my poor book. A little bit of solitude will do me well. I can’t even keep a diary, because he always manages to read it, to even read my poor notes for a novel, hidden. Write to me, darling. I’m well in general. And don’t imagine me terrified or especially upset. But I think I need to go for a while.
And as for M., the main thing is that I get along well with him in every sense and that I like him. Everything will work out. I love you a lot, darling.
Hugs from your Clarice.
Answer me soon. It will do me much good if you say I should go. Maybe even without your saying so, I’ll go. I think it’s my solution.
Logbook
Clarice Lispector’s notebook – measuring exactly 17 cm x 10,5 cm and 58 pages – is made available here in full, for the enjoyment of researchers and readers of her work. The logbook, as it came to be called by the Literature team at the Moreira Salles Institute, was donated by the son and heir of the author, Paulo Gurgel Valente, in January 2012. After going through the process that is common for all documents deposited under our care, such as cleaning and cataloging, the notebook was digitized in high resolution and its content transcribed.
Throughout the reading, we will have countless moments of happiness to accompany, more than the recording of small details during the months of July and August 1944 during Clarice Lispector’s journey to Naples with stops at Fisherman’s Lake at Lisbon. One of the surprises is due to the passages, still in a rudimentary phase, from her second novel, O lustre [The Chandelier], which would be published in 1946, when the author was already in Switzerland, the country where she also wrote A cidade sitiada [The Besieged City]. We read in the notepad that working on the hitherto unnamed book was one of Clarice’s daily activities until she reached her final destination. Some characters from The Chandelier, such as Adriano and Vicente, are mentioned in the notebook – this can therefore be considered a valuable document for those dedicated to genetic literary criticism.
Another happy find in the yellowed but preserved pages is one of her notes that would echo in the short story “The Smallest Woman in the World”, included in Laços de família [Family Ties], of 1960. Clarice records on July 31, 1944 the mutual astonishment generated from the meeting between her and the “beautiful, clean” black people of some villages in Liberia, “where the missionaries did not arrive”. It goes into the description of women and men, of the looks, of a small shop, and she confides: “How I liked those black people”. The fact seems to have provided inspiration for the aforementioned story, and the annotation is an almost ready text that would unfold into two others: “Africa”, included in Fundo de Gavetae [Back of the Drawer], of 1964, and “Corças negras”, published on April 5, 1969 in Jornal do Brasil and later collected 1984 for the collection of chronicles A descoberta do mundo [published as English as Selected Crônicas].
Clarice Lispector was also in Lisbon for 12 days and recorded in this block of notes her days in the Portuguese capital, closely accompanied by the Brazilian diplomat and poet Ribeiro Couto. Motivated by the annotations in Lusitanian lands, Elvia Bezerra looked more closely at the relationship between the two in the text “Caderno de Lisboa”.
Still leafing through the pages, we recognize the authentic naturalness when we come across a note in which the urgency is revealed by the frequently illegible handwriting, numerous erasures, torn pages and lapses. To safeguard the reading from possible misunderstandings, there are words indicated in brackets, which, although somewhat legible, cannot be affirmed by us. The original punctuation was maintained, but the spelling was updated in accordance with the Portuguese Language Spelling Agreement of 1990, in force in Brazil since 2009.
We would like to express our special thanks to the Clarice Lispector researcher Nádia Batella Gotlib for the kindness of assisting in the transcription and preparation of the notes and to Paulo Gurgel Valente for choosing the Moreira Salles Institute as the guardian for this small and valuable logbook.
Elizama Almeida
The hour of the star: notes
Inspirations or notes?
In 2004, the manuscripts for Clarice Lispector’s novel The Hour of the Star arrived at the Moreira Salles Institute (IMS), important documents not only for their rarity, but also for documenting Clarice’s writing process. From the earliest works, the writer had adopted the method of immediate annotation. Thus, according to Nádia Battella Gotlib, her biographer, “she starts carrying a notebook, where she takes notes. It is from this large quantity of loose notes referring to the same subject that her novel will be constituted (…).”
Over time, notes are made on any type of paper easily at hand, and even by someone else whom Clarice asked for help when unable to write. Olga Borelli says that sometimes during a film session she wrote down an idea or phrase for the writer. She also says that Clarice, in the midst of domestic chores, would suddenly ask the maid to take notes for her. Thus, we see notes from The Hour of the Star on paper fragments, check sheets and envelopes. In addition to this diversity of supports, we also observe Olga’s handwriting in the majority of documents reproduced here, as she was the one who helped Clarice organize and type the manuscripts of The Hour of the Star.
In interviews, Clarice explained how her writing process took place in basically two stages:
When I’m writing something, I take notes anytime day or night, things that come to me. That’s called inspiration, right? Now, when I’m in the act of concatenating the inspirations, then I’m forced to work daily.
In the initial phase of writing, therefore, Clarice would write down “inspirations”, that is, ideas and phrases that came ready to her. When she reached a satisfactory volume of material, the writer would embark on the second stage of creation – she would concatenate the “inspirations”. If the first phase could take months or years, the next moment was uninterrupted work. In this manner the manuscripts of The Hour of the Star archived at IMS reflect Clarice’s stages of creation to the extent that these documents present both Clarice’s “inspirations” and more developed texts, products of that concatenation.
What we present in this catalogue are the “inspirations” harvested by Clarice for The Hour of the Star, which in the organization of the writer’s collection were given the technical term of notes. The pages of the catalogue, produced especially for this site, show reproductions of these notes containing information such as observations about differences of handwriting in the note and identification of notes taken by Olga Borelli.
Fabio Frohwein

























































































































